Raytheon Corporations New International Market in South Africa Research Paper - 4

Raytheon Corporations New International Market in South Africa - Research Paper Example With regards to conceiving the most viable security arrangements, Raytheon Corporation utilizes all its capability available to its. Raytheon Corporation misuses all its progressed mechanical skill and banding together with its accomplished partners and customers in the security field. As an integrator, Raytheon Corporation utilizes programming arrangements and hardware that are most appropriate to meet specific security necessities by customers. The key part of Raytheon Corporation’s development can be credited to its solid devotion to the universal commercial center (Raytheon Corporation, 2014). With the present worldwide economy, the danger of venturing into different countries can be high; be that as it may, South Africa might be a key spot in Africa attributable to its transportation area and its balancing out economy. With the South African government being the principle focus of this extension, this move may likewise be the most great for Raytheon Corporation. The Sou th African government has the full ability to consume whatever might be required to help in keeping up the security of its advantages. South Africa has a colossal potential to work with since it has a generally steady political and monetary framework. Additionally, South Africa has an amazing situation in the African mainland; therefore, it makes transportation via ocean more cost productive and easier. South Africa’s ebb and flow conversion standard stands at one U.S. dollar against 10.5432 South African Rand (Oanda, 2014). The political hazard in South Africa would be minor since there have been close political ties between the U. S. what's more, South Africa since 1994. With these all around constructed political ties among the two nations and the various ambassadorial excursions that are taken by the two gatherings since 1994, the danger of prompt misfortunes attributable to governmental issues would be nearly nothing. Additionally, there is likewise a nearby U.S. gover nment office set up in South Africa, to address different political

University project help Free Essays

Trade rates, transportation and exchange costs all should be represented in the offer. These additional costs make cost control (in other controllable territories of the task) fundamental. Without tight cost control, the organization won't have the option to contend with offers of local firms. We will compose a custom article test on College venture help or then again any comparative point just for you Request Now 3. Why is cost estimation such a significant segment of venture arranging? Examine how it interfaces along with the Work Breakdown Structure and task plan? Cost estimation, whenever done accurately, empowers a firm to decide whether the undertaking will be gainful, if the organization can bear the cost of the venture and as a rule if the task merits ursuing. It additionally furnishes the organization with a cost extend for offering (for the situation ofa client arranged venture). As for Work Breakdown Structure and task plan, cost estimation is significant in light of the fact that it prompts planning of money related and different assets (both material and human). These designations must arrange with the Work Breakdown Structure and venture plans arranged by the board to make sense of if the necessary assets will be accessible varying. 4. Envision you were building up a product bundle for your company’s intranet. Give xamples of the different kinds of costs (work, materials, hardware and offices, subcontractors, and so on ) and how they would apply to your venture. Potential expenses of making programming bundle incorporate expenses of work, materials, subcontractors, gear and offices and travel. Programming engineers, designers, PC experts, mentors (for end clients) and specialized authors would bring about work costs. Material expenses may originate from printing and making establishment CDs/circles, extra centralized server equipment, memory or frill, and any printing and paper necessities for client manuals. Designers and contractual workers may require additional room or hardware. Subcontractors might be utilized to counsel on plan and usage. Subcontractors may require costs related with movement if the firm isn't neighborhood. 5 Give reasons botn in tavor ot and against the utilization ot individual time charge as a quote for a venture action. Utilizing an individual time charge can make an increasingly precise evaluation of time by remembering a sensible measure of personal time for assessments of work time. By utilizing the individual time charge, an organization can be better make up for its work assets, s unequaled (beneficial or not) spent on a specific Job is an utilization of human/scholarly assets. Be that as it may, from a customer’s point of view this charge may seem unjustifiable. The individual time charge permits time for ineffective breaks. Clients will no doubt be hesitant to pay for inefficient time †bringing about installment questions. 6. Think about a case of parametric evaluating as far as you can tell, for example, the utilization of a cost multiplier dependent on a comparable, past expense. Accomplished parametric assessing work or not. Examine the reasons why. This is an individual model inquiry and should just be applied to understudies with ome venture understanding. 7. Put yourself in the position ofa venture client. Okay acknowledge the cost modifications related with expectation to absorb information impacts or not? Under what conditions would expectation to absorb information costs be suitably planned into a task? As a client, I would not acknowledge expenses when the redundant work (that represents the expectation to absorb information) is a standard Job for the provider. The purpose behind this is I would be paying for learning impacts that others would receive the reward from. Additionally, learning impacts related with new representatives would be absurd to remember for venture illing. Then again, on the off chance that the monotonous work/expectation to learn and adapt impacts were venture or client explicit, at that point planning the expenses into the undertaking would be suitable. 8. Consider the basic issues with venture cost estimation and review a task with which you have been included. Which of these regular issues did you experience frequently? Why? The most effective method to refer to University venture help, Papers

A Sample Macbeth Analysis Essay Example For Students

A Sample Macbeth Analysis Essay Individuals make some hard memories getting what they need; indeed, the things they need can be contrary with one another. A German physicist named Werner Heisenberg found a practically equivalent to marvel with his vulnerability standard. Examining matter at the nuclear level, quantum material science, he understood that the demonstration of estimating influenced the item being estimated. Subsequently, one would never precisely decide both position and force of an electron with exactness. The endeavor to arrive at one of these objectives hurt the other, and a comparative wonder is found in our regular day to day existences. In William Shakespeares Macbeth 1606, the hero is tricked to kill the ruler, Duncan, by the craving for power, a hunger whetted by witchs predictions and his wifes consolation. Yet, when he arrives at the sovereignty, he gets himself shaky. He endeavors to expel dangers that decline his security, including his friend Banquo and his child Fleance, forecasted to be above all else. His masters become irate and revolt effectively, after witches draw Macbeth into an incorrect conviction that all is well with the world by further predicting. In Macbeth, we see that, regardless of appearances of Catch 22, keeps an eye on objectives of solace and force are perpetually restricted in increase, however the two may decay together. The force from information causes uneasiness. As frequently has been stated, numbness is ecstasy. After Macbeth is guaranteed the position of authority, Banquo inquires as to why Macbeth is not exactly delighted. Great sir, for what reason do you start, and appear to fear/Things that do sound so reasonable? Act I, Scene 3, p. 332 Macbeths new information makes him awkward, as he understands the suggestions. His first musings considering killing Duncan show up, and he is terrified. After he submits the homicide, Macbeth says, To know my deed, twere best not know myself. Act II, Scene 2, p. 347 Knowing that has submitted such a wretched demonstration makes him awkward. It will be hard to act honest and to manage his blame. At the point when he later chooses to kill Banquo and Fleance, he tells his better half, Be honest of the information, dearest toss,/Till thou praise the deed. Act III, Scene 2, p. 359 Hecate sets Macbeth up for his last fall, clarifying her system, As by the quality of their figment Will attract him on to his disarray. He will reject destiny, disdain demise, and bear His expectations bove insight, beauty, and dread. Furthermore, all of you know security Is humans chiefest adversary. Act III, Scene 5, p. 365 The security gave constantly set of forecasts is just transient. Feeling there is no risk to his capacity, Macbeth acts uncontrollably, bringing his ruin and loss of both solace and security. The issue with information was that it was power bringing about a decrease in comfort. Those most agreeable have the least force. The pleasure in security blocks quality. The Porter conveys an unexpected discourse on the shades of malice of drink, clarifying, Lechery, sir, it incites and unprovokes: it incites the craving, yet it removes the exhibition: in this way much beverage might be saidâ to be an equivocator with prurience: it makes him, and it damages him; it sets him on, and it takes him off; it convinces him and cripples him; makes him remain to and not remain; all in all, hedges him in a rest, and giving him the falsehood, leaves him. Act II, Scene 3, p. 348 While drink may cause comfort, this is negated by its different impacts. It removes the force, the exhibition. This reviews the gatekeepers, easily snoozing however not standing watchman, the last their judgment, as they are said to stand and murder the ruler and afterward quit remaining to. After the homicide, Duncans children Malcolm and Donalbain choose to do without the intensity of the majesty. Says Donalbain, Where we are/Theres knifes in mens grins; the close in blood,/The closer wicked. Act II, Scene 3, p. 351 He understands that his dad was killed due to the position he was in. It would be a lot more secure to not be lord, regardless of the misfortune in influence, on the grounds that the dangers are excessively incredible. Force fills in as both a gift and a revile. .u01ebb6428e42254a4aae719435bf41d4 , .u01ebb6428e42254a4aae719435bf41d4 .postImageUrl , .u01ebb6428e42254a4aae719435bf41d4 .focused content territory { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u01ebb6428e42254a4aae719435bf41d4 , .u01ebb6428e42254a4aae719435bf41d4:hover , .u01ebb6428e42254a4aae719435bf41d4:visited , .u01ebb6428e42254a4aae719435bf41d4:active { border:0!important; } .u01ebb6428e42254a4aae719435bf41d4 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u01ebb6428e42254a4aae719435bf41d4 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; darkness: 1; progress: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u01ebb6428e42254a4aae719435bf41d4:active , .u01ebb6428e42254a4aae719435bf41d4:hover { mistiness: 1; change: obscurity 250ms; webkit-progress: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u01ebb6428e42254a4aae719435bf41d4 .focused content region { width: 100%; position: rela tive; } .u01ebb6428e42254a4aae719435bf41d4 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content beautification: underline; } .u01ebb6428e42254a4aae719435bf41d4 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u01ebb6428e42254a4aae719435bf41d4 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe span: 3px; content adjust: focus; content enrichment: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .u01ebb6428e42254a4aae719435bf41d4:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u01eb b6428e42254a4aae719435bf41d4 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u01ebb6428e42254a4aae719435bf41d4-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u01ebb6428e42254a4aae719435bf41d4:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Awakening By Kate Chopin EssayGaining influence causes uneasiness. When attempting to pick up power, planning to expand their pleasure, individuals end up wracked with blame and distrustfulness. Macbeth perceives how fortunate the dead and feeble Duncan truly is the point at which he remarks In anxious delight. Duncan is in his grave; After lifes erratic fever he rests soundly. Injustice has done his most exceedingly terrible; nor steel, nor poison, Vindictiveness household, remote duty, nothing, Can contact him further. Act III, Scene 2, p. 358 Duncan has no force however faces no dangers either. He is a lot more secure than Macbeth, who lives in dread of losing the position of royalty. As he watched, To be in this manner is nothing,/But to be securely in this manner. Act III, Scene 1, p. 355 His capacity as lord wasnt truly as extraordinary as he however it would be, and his capacity is truly in vain in light of the fact that he feels so compromised. A similar thought is found again when his better half opines Noughts had, alls spent, Where our craving is got without content. Tis more secure to be what we demolish Than by decimation stay in far fetched satisfaction. Act III, Scene 2, p. 358 All that they had done to pick up the force they wanted just prompted more prominent distress, as they found the dead were a lot more joyful than they. Macbeth echoes her musings, saying Should be with the dead, Whom we, to pick up our tranquility, have sent to harmony, Than on the torment of the brain to lie In fretful joy. Act III, Scene 2, p. 358 After the homicide, Lady Macbeth is disturbed by sentiments of blame, making her rest erratic and awkward. Out, accursed spot! Out, I state! One-two - why then tis time to speck. Hellfire is cloudy. Fie, my master, fie! A warrior, and afeard? What need we dread who knows it, when none can demand an explanation from our capacity? However who might have thought theâ old man to have had such a great amount of blood in him? Act V, Scene 1, p. 382 Lady Macbeth is experiencing her very own disease cause. The force carried with it much anguish and inconvenience. In spite of the fact that individuals look for both strength and wonderful security, the two closures are in strife. The intensity of information and the quest for power lead to a decrease in comfort, and those without power locate the most solace. Macbeth and his significant other see power as inconvenient, with those they slaughtered in any event, getting a charge out of an increasingly wonderful life. Like attempting to quantify two components with accuracy, attempting to arrive at the two objectives to a high degree is unthinkable. Simultaneously, the two can decay together. I myself have felt the issue of this Catch 22. Quite a bit of my capacity make me awkward. For instance, when I need to settle on significant choices or when I know more than I need to. An equalization should be found between smug security and perilous quest for power.

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Americas Sweetest Serial Killer - Sugar - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1545 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/07/01 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Serial Killer Essay Did you like this example? The US Government needs to declare war on todays new drug, sugar. The use of sugar as a food substance has been shown to exist even before crops were deliberately planted for harvesting. Ancient hunter-gatherers would take note of certain plants that, when chewed, provided a very sweet taste, and would mark these plants out then pass on the knowledge to their families and groups. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Americas Sweetest Serial Killer Sugar" essay for you Create order Ancient records exist where sugar was described as honey without bees, and its cultivation and processing kept a highly guarded secret in order to protect its value. (1) By the late 15th Century AD, the amounts of sugar that could be produced became much larger as a result of both the cultivation of cane plants in the New World, as this climate proved to be very beneficial to the rapid growth of the crop, and the increasing demand, and therefore the investments made into supplying sugar to new fans in European countries. It is important to note that at this stage, the consumption of sugar was still pretty low, both due to the fact that it wasnt well known and its high price † reports have suggested that a kilo of sugar in those days cost the equivalent of $100 in current times. (1) In recent times, the global demand for sugar as a food product has reached its highest levels ever recorded with close to 176 metric tons of sugar with per capita consumption in the United States alone exceeding 126 grams (5). As with all things when taken in excess, an increasing number of studies have begun to show that our consumption of sugar could now be linked to a number of medical conditions including cardiovascular diseases, endocrine dysfunctions, obesity, and even mood disorders. In addition to this, there has been shown to be an increasing number of deaths associated with sugar consumption, with close to 185,000 deaths every year attributed to the consumption of sugary foods and the resultant cardiovascular, endocrine and metabolic dysfunctions (5) In order to further prove that the danger that too much sugar intake represents to the health and well being of the population, it has been reported that the number of obese children has reached all-time highs, with more than 4 1 million children under the age of five suffering from this condition in 2010, with 92 million more children said to be at risk of being obese at some point in their future. (5) In recognition of the serious medical issues that these children are going to have in the future and the various costs associated with the treatment of what, all things considered, should be a preventable illness, it is my humble opinion that the government begins to put measures in place to greatly restrict the intake of sugar by its citizens. The case for the governmental regulation of sugar intake has some precedent in the control of substances that have been proven to have harmful effects on human health and well being. In this essay, I will be proposing an argument discussing the various harmful effects that sugar intake has on people who, unknowingly and without proper warning as to its negative effects, make it a major part of the foods they consume. I will also shed some light on the possible effects of the regulations of sugar intake, citing examples of other regulated substances and the effect such regulations have had on the intake of such substances. The differences between the effects of governmental regulation of substances thought to be harmful to human life, as opposed just strongly warning about the harmful effects associated with its use, can most clearly be shown by the differences in consumption between tobacco, and more strictly controlled substances like ethyl acrylate. Until recently, the regulation of tobacco and tobacco products was not strictly enforced by the United States of Americas health and safety laws as enforced by the Food Drug and Cosmetic Act, this resulted in an increasing number of complications associated with the use of tobacco despite countless adverts and health information articles warning people about the harmful effects that tobacco has on health and well being. In contrast to this, ethyl acrylate was first discovered and used, among other things, as a food additive, and when it was discovered that it caused colorectal and squamous cell carcinoma, it was immediately placed on the banned substances list by the FDA, effectively removing it as a threat to the health and well being of all Americans. The persistent increase in the use of tobacco, despite all warnings to the contrary, could, therefore, be taken as a pointer to how mass education of the harmful effects of excessive sugar intake would be received without proper laws and regulations to enforce reduced sugar intake. On another note, some studies have suggested a relationship between the intake of sugar and the stimulation of pleasure centers in the brain. This relationship paints a troubling relationship between sugar and its enthusiasts, leading some researchers to conclude that excessive intake of sugar may have more similarities to other addictions rather than being just a pleasurable but harmful habit (2) This, of course, arises without the consideration of the social and cultural roles that the use of sugar plays in our community; sugar and sugar products are traditionally given out as rewards for good behavior during festivities such as birthdays, Halloween and Christmas, establishing a link between our need for sugar in our meals and our thirst for personal validation and the use of sugar-containing products as a means to feel good about ourselves. With the above in mind, it is easy to see why dependence on sugar may require more stringent measures than simply educating and advising peopl e to cut down their sugar intake without providing incentives, both positive and negative, to make people take their health into their own hands and make positive lifestyle choices (3). In recognition of the menace that sugar presents to its population, the United Kingdom has gone as far as placing a tax on sugar in order to limit its consumption. If that does not bring to bear the gravity of this issue, then nothing will. As a counter to the points made above, people may want to insist on an individuals fundamental right to autonomy, to declare than restricting an individuals choice of food and stopping him from taking in certain foods may constitute a breach of his or her rights, and to these people I say this; we have been doing exactly that since the beginning of civilization. Humans have long since recognized the need for the banning of certain substances deemed too harmful for use of the general public and this tendency, rather than halting our progress as a civilization has led to its growth and development. To use a more modern day example, the use of alcohol in pregnant women has long been considered teratogenic with resulting harmful effects on the fetus ranging from cardiovascular disorders to an increase in the future susceptibility to diseases and even death. The use of cocaine as a recreational drug attracts heavy penalties ranging from one to two year jail times to decades in prison depe nding on the quantity of the material found in possession and intent to distribute. The difference in the incidence between fetal abnormalities resulting from maternal use of cocaine and maternal use of alcohol during pregnancy further serves to drive home the need for the requirement of governmental regulation of sugar. Far more deaths result from alcohol use than cocaine, showing that governmental regulation plays a vital role in the reduction of the harmful effects of substances on the health of individuals. Similarly, it may be implied that it is not the Governments responsibility to police what the populace consumes. Id like to politely disagree; it is the place of the Government to protect the populace from harm, whether or not they may be aware of it. Governments were made to protect society as a whole from harm, and regulation of a substance that has been shown to be poisonous is just a logical extension of that role. In addition to this, if, as previously stated above, the use of sugar tends towards dependence, shouldnt this buttress the fact that the general public cannot be trusted to act according to their best interests in this matter? The facts speak for themselves; excessive use of sugar has been verifiably proven to lead to long-term health disorders and death, the only reasons why it has not been placed on a list of banned substances are either its immense popularity, the amount of money the sugar industry makes, or the fear of backlash when the general public realizes that its favorite drug has just been made illegal to obtain and consume. In response to this, Id like to ask, do we really want to purposefully poison our families because we lack the discipline to speak hard truths and make tough decisions, do we really want to place the profits of some sections of the farming industry over the growth and well-being of future generations? The answer should be evident; in our ignorance, we had called sugar the honey without bees and fed it to our children and loved ones, but time and countless studies have served to show us that even this honey may come with stingers.

This Essay Will Examine The Differentiation That David

This essay will examine the differentiation that David Hume poses between natural and artificial virtues. I will first explain what Hume considers as a sense of virtue and whether this sense of virtue is natural. Then, I will discuss four distinctions he made between natural virtues and artificial virtues. I will discuss Mackie’s objection against one of Hume’s distinctions and argue why Mackie’s objection is ineffective. Finally, I will present a possible objection that concerns Hume’s third distinction, consider how Hume might response to the objection, and defend his response. According to Hume, to feel a sense of virtue is to â€Å"feel a satisfaction of a particular kind from the contemplation of a character† (3.1.2.3). This feeling,†¦show more content†¦The first distinction he makes is that natural virtues arise out of implanted instincts while artificial virtues are â€Å"not derived from nature, but [arise] necessarily from education and human conventions† (3.2.1.17). In other words, natural virtues are dispositions that people inherently have and naturally endorse, but artificial virtues are dispositions that people acquire by acting in accordance with human conventions that are products of human invention. For instance, to feed one’s own children is a natural virtue based on natural instincts – a mother doesn’t breastfeed her child out of conformity to societal rules, but out of instinctive, maternal love for her child. However, integrity, an artificial virtue, doesn’t arise from instinctual senti ment. To promise to return one’s debt to the bank isn’t an instinctive reflex, but originates from one’s respect for societal conventions and the society’s approbation of a trustworthy person. The second distinction is that natural virtues are partial while artificial virtues are impartial. A man naturally loves his closest families and friends more than strangers (3.2.2.8). If A has 3 apples, and there are 6 people starving (3 family members of A and 3 strangers), A would naturally give these 3 apples to his family members rather than strangers. However, artificial virtues like justice areShow MoreRelatedRelevance of Adornos Philosophy within Todays Culture of Popular Music841 Words   |  3 Pagesfurthering in essays about Tin Pan Alley and jazz-orientated variations of it. 2 Theodor Adorno Meets The Cadillacs is an article by Bernard Gendron that discusses the implications of Adorno’s lie in technological advances tends to promote individuality of music styles. Max Paddison suggests in The Critique Criticised: Adorno and Popular Music that there is substance of value within Adorno’s theory that can be appropriated into a more advanced concept of analysin g popular music. This essay will imploreRead MoreCountry Road Essay example1130 Words   |  5 Pagesobstacles which hindered their success in the US. 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The motive of this essay is to determine the historic and political sources for the Rwandan Genocide through an â€Å"ethnic lens† in order to ascertain whether â€Å"ethnic division† was in fact the source for the cruelties, or was just an aspect of the conflict. First, the ideasRead MoreResearch Essay: Power and Negotiation2255 Words   |  10 Pagesexperienced mediator deal with this problem? Provide practical examples where appropriate. The issue of power is inherent in negotiations. In most negotiated conflict situations, one party has more power than another. They may use their greater share of power to shape and manipulate a negotiation to achieve their desired objectives. Furthermore, when the power differential is substantial, this usually has a significant effect on both the substance and process of the dispute. This imbalance in power can

Torture is one of the most barbaric acts of state Essay Example For Students

Torture is one of the most barbaric acts of state Essay repression, and it constitutes a direct and deliberate attack on the core of the human personality. Like slavery, it is an expression of the almost unlimited power of one individual over another. In the case of slavery, the human being is degraded to the condition of a non-human object deprived of legal personality. Torture aims to destroy human dignity and reduce the victim to the status of a passive tool in the hands of the torturer. In ancient and medieval times in Europe, torture was employed to aggravate criminal punishments, usually the death penalty, and to extort confessions. Its use was an officially accepted and legally regulated aspect of the criminal justice system. Torture was officially abolished in all European countries between 1750 and the 1830. Like the abolition of slavery, its suppression was the fruit of the humanism and rationalism of the Enlightenment. Although torture continued to be applied behind prison walls, there were comparably few allegation so its systematic use in the lane nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Where as slavery and the slave trade were explicitly prohibited by a number of bilateral and multilateral treaties culminating in the 1926 Slavery convention. Torture was so much regarded as a phenomenon of the past that neither international human rights law nor even most domestic bills of rights of this period contained explicit prohibitions. Torture and other forms of cruel and degrading treatment or punishment are prohibited in various international treaties and agreements. These generally considered to have the force of law. Among them the Geneva Conventions of 1949, The International Covenant on Civil and Pol itical Rights of 1966 (CCPR), the 1984 UN Convention against Torture (CAT), The 1950 European Convention on Human Rights, The American Convention on Human Rights of 1969, and The African Charter on Human and Peoples Rights of 1981. In addition article 5 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948 is generally regarded as part of customary international law. The Vienna Declaration and Program again confirmed in the strongest terms that freedom from torture is a right that must be protected under all circumstances. Despite this impressive evidence regarding the universality of the right of freedom questions are asked if whether this universal standard can be applied equally to all political systems, religious and cultural groups. The government of certain states claim that amputations and similar forms of corporal punishment provided for by Islamic law do not contravene the right of torture. While feminist groups around the world denounce female genital mutilation, many Africans view the practice as an expression of their traditional culture. In defining torture and other forms of inhuman treatment or punishment, one therefore has to strike universal minimum standards and the requirement to take political, social, religious and cultural particularities into account. This can only be done on a case-by-case basis by the competent international bodies. Torture and ill-treatment are prohibited by the South Korean Constitution and other domestic laws and since the late 1980s, the South Korean authorities have taken some steps to prevent its occurrence. Generally political prisoners now have access to their lawyers earlier; a small number of police officers have been prosecuted and tried for torturing detainees; and there have been cases in which the courts have ruled that confessions obtained under duress during interrogation were inadmissible as evidence at trial. But in practice the legislative, administrative, judicial and other measures in place have not been effective in preventing it. Changes are urgently needed in practices related to pre-trial detention, training of law enforcement officers and in the traditionally heavy reliance by police and judicial officials on confessions obtained during interrogation. There needs to be a more effective system for investigating complaints and reports of torture and ill-treatment !and for compensating victims. The South Korean Government should make a declaration under Article 22 of the Convention against Torture, recognizing the competence of the Committee against Torture to receive individual complaints. .u3c2a9c66faf5be59a6ae1240aa378efd , .u3c2a9c66faf5be59a6ae1240aa378efd .postImageUrl , .u3c2a9c66faf5be59a6ae1240aa378efd .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3c2a9c66faf5be59a6ae1240aa378efd , .u3c2a9c66faf5be59a6ae1240aa378efd:hover , .u3c2a9c66faf5be59a6ae1240aa378efd:visited , .u3c2a9c66faf5be59a6ae1240aa378efd:active { border:0!important; } .u3c2a9c66faf5be59a6ae1240aa378efd .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3c2a9c66faf5be59a6ae1240aa378efd { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3c2a9c66faf5be59a6ae1240aa378efd:active , .u3c2a9c66faf5be59a6ae1240aa378efd:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3c2a9c66faf5be59a6ae1240aa378efd .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3c2a9c66faf5be59a6ae1240aa378efd .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3c2a9c66faf5be59a6ae1240aa378efd .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3c2a9c66faf5be59a6ae1240aa378efd .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3c2a9c66faf5be59a6ae1240aa378efd:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3c2a9c66faf5be59a6ae1240aa378efd .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3c2a9c66faf5be59a6ae1240aa378efd .u3c2a9c66faf5be59a6ae1240aa378efd-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3c2a9c66faf5be59a6ae1240aa378efd:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Plato's Two-World Theory EssayActions aimed at militating against torture needs to be conducted on two levels: (a) eradicating torture in the long term and (b) preventing of torture in the short term. A distinction is made between eradication and prevention as they imply different levels of analysis for the complex social and political phenomenon of torture. Historical accounts of torture suggest that eradication of torture is inevitably a long-term, evolutionary process. Eradication of torture will require a careful analysis of the underlying sociopolitical, cultural, economic, and psychological factors. Reports of torture are more common from regions affected by politica l unrest, including mass demonstrations, riots, outbreaks of violence, killings, coup attempts, civil war, armed tribal conflict, rebellions, and conflicts with various opposition groups demanding social and political reform. While preventive measures can help reduce or even contain the problem, complete eradication can only be possib!le by eliminating the underlying causes of torture. This will require global economic, social, and political recognition of basic human freedom and rights. What immediate measures can be taken to help prevent torture? Media works to increase public awareness of the problem is a strategy widely used, and is probably an effective instrument in combating torture. Perhaps efforts need to be stepped up to achieve greater exposure in the mass media of human rights violation. Images highlighting the horror of torture and similar atrocities should be shown more often, more quickly, and in less arbitrary manners. The Republic of Korea would like to point out th e important role of individuals, groups, institutions, and nations as bystanders in the perpetuation of torture. Our knowledge of bystander psychology could be used to increase public concern and challenging the following common beliefs and assumptions: (1) They (the survivors) and not one of us so they do not deserve my attention; (2) they must have done something to deserve it. World government as bystanders play an important role n the perpetuation of torture in repres!sive regimes. Clearly there is a need for greater pressure on the UN for more effective actions against countries with poor human rights records. Care of survivors is an integral part of human rights work. In the last two decades, many care and rehabilitation center have been built in various parts of the world. Care of survivors, however, is still a developing program and many important questions await further investigations. Care of torture survivors should involve measures to prevent the occurrence of post-traum atic stress responses. Prevention of post-traumatic stress problems is much easier, less time consuming, and less costly that their treatment. Early intervention is important since it is easier to deal with the maladaptive coping behaviors before they become entrenched. Mental health professionals or volunteer workers can be easily trained to use this technique effectively. Groups facilitate sharing traumatic experience with others and help find a meaning for the trauma. Social support is important in the prevention and treatment of post-traumatic stress responses. Traditional societies are characteri!zed by an extended family structure and communal environment. This potential could be explored and fully exploited in the service of survivors by forming social support groups and mobilizing other forms of community support. Funding of projects is a problem widely experienced by human rights workers and thus deserves special attention. Financial support received by human rights organization from governmental and non-governmental agencies is limited. The UN Voluntary Fund for Torture Victims is a case in point. Since its foundation in 1981, the fund has received contributions from 40 countries and is able to spend a mere $1.6 million on 70 projects currently in progress or planned. Calls have been made to increase international contribution to at least $100 million by 1999.

Facebook Why Add as a Friend and Different Personalities of Strangers on Facebook

Table of Contents Effects of different personalities Interpersonal communication Impression management FIRO theory Conclusion/So What Works Cited Effects of different personalities From the results of the survey conducted to determine why several people who are strangers to Joy choose to add her as a friend, various things stands out that motivate different people of differing personalities when it comes to choosing the people they want to link with or communicate directly with in social networks such as facebook. Physical appearance contributes a lot concerning the issue of responding to friend requests on facebook.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Facebook: Why Add as a Friend and Different Personalities of Strangers on Facebook specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The biggest number of strangers chooses to add Joy or accept her friend request based on her physical appearance. The evidence that they got of her appearance follows from her profile picture and the pictures that she has in her albums. The survey therefore provides the evidence that facebook users seem motivated by the physical appearance of a particular user in making their decisions on whether to accept the person as a friend or not. Interpersonal communication This theory tries to elaborate the reason as to why people use different kinds of communication in the effort to construct social reality. This is usually true to people who share a common history or wants to know each other better. One of the responses given by most respondents to Joy’s question as to why the different strangers chose to accept her as a friend despite the fact that they did not know anything about her apart from the facebook profile and picture was â€Å"you are way too pretty to be rejected as a friend†. The statement confirms that most facebook users add strangers of the opposite sex as friends for the simple reasons of wantin g to associate with people they think are pretty. According to the interpersonal communication theory, such people use the various means of communication to create a society with the people they add as friends. It is only when they have a direct connection with the people they fancy that they can fulfill such needs. People who fall under this category should however understand the possibility of some users creating fake profiles, attaching pictures of other people thereby tempting other to view them as theirs. People with malicious intentions have been on the record using this strategy to trap unsuspicious victims. These include sexual predators, kidnappers and serial killers who have used the strategy to lure their prey into having private dates or meetings with them and consequently harming them (Hadnagy 58). As evidenced by the kind of direction that the conversations between Joy and her stranger friends took, most of the Facebook users who add a stranger as a friend have the ult imate intention of wanting to have face-to-face contact with them and possibly establishing a relationship. Loneliness further explains why people added Joy as a friend despite her strange personality. As revealed in the survey by Joy, there are those respondents who did it based on their lonely state thus choosing to confirm her friend request to get someone to talk to making it worth noting from the study that all of those respondents were male.Advertising Looking for research paper on communication strategies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This gives the impression that social network users with specific concern to facebook find friends with whom they can share their problems and as a result improve their dull lives. When a lonely person receives a notification that a cute looking girl wants him/her as friends on facebook, this definitely brightens their day even when they have no clue concerning the personality as well a s the motive behind the person. Therefore, this emphasizes on the number of facebook users who use the social network as a means of seeking company especially in times of their loneliness. To an extent, others under this category seek a lifetime companionship or relationships through sending and accepting strangers as friends on facebook. To them, facebook functions just the same manner that other dating networks function. To these users, the decision to add a member of the opposite sex can lead to the person even becoming their soul mate or close companion. As elaborated in the study, when Joy tried conversing with these strangers, the conversation included the strangers initially trying to impress her by commenting in seemingly impressive manner to her status updates then finally asking her out or wanting to develop a more intimate relationship with her. Considering that the interaction does not take long before they bring the subject up, it is evident that this can also be taken advantage of by people with bad intentions to capitalize on the loneliness of some users and end up harming them at long last. Impression management In impression management, people try to influence the perceptions of others by regulating the amount of information they share in social networks. A number of respondents in the survey revealed that they wanted to interact more with Joy and get to know her better hence adding or rather accepting her as a friend. The number of such respondents was almost equal in the two sexes with only a variation of one. This indicates those facebook users who add strangers with the hope of interacting more with them and getting the chance to know them better. Through the interactions that they receive later, interpersonal communication as facilitated through facebook, the users interact without necessarily encountering each other face-to-face to the extent that they really know each other and treating one another as good friends rather than strangers. Through this interaction, if a particular user had assumed a false identity, it would definitely come out to the friend, as they have no hurry in making face-to-face interactions. This category of friends would comment in the manner to try impressing Joy as described in impression management.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Facebook: Why Add as a Friend and Different Personalities of Strangers on Facebook specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They would do this seemingly disinterestedly to provoke her to explain further her situations and further enhancing the chances of knowing each other well. The almost equal number of respondents under this category declared mere appearance as not the only reason behind their sending or accepting the request. Facebook users who portray this characteristic are least exposed to danger since they only get to network with other users who use the social network to get friend s and nothing else. Other facebook users sent friend requests to anyone that they think to share similar interests. For instance, the survey conducted revealed that several male and female respondents confirmed or sent friend requests to Joy on this ground. Users under this category spend time looking for friends whom they believe they have common interests with through perusing through their profiles as they appear on facebook. Many people interpret what a person describes on the profile as a real description of his/her interests. However, one has to note that before he/she accepts another’s friend request or before another accepts his/her friend request, the person has a limited access to the strange person’s profile and therefore cannot claim to have similar interests with a person that he/she knows little or completely nothing about . Afterwards, that one person can claim to share interest with another after they have become friends. This means that when a stranger sends a friend request and claims to have done so because they share similar interests, the receiver should have all the reasons to worry. FIRO theory FIRO theory is based on the main contention that people engage in a group in search of the needs of inclusion, affection and control. This theory tries to explain the reason as to why facebook users choose to add friends to satisfy these needs. People need not to ignore the fact that adventurous people send requests to find strangers whom they share similar traits. For instance, some girls showed similar interests with Joy in that they asked about her hairstyle, make up or skin products. This indicates those who after establishing the relationship or after viewing Joy’s photos saw that they had several things in common. Such category of people seemed to share concerns with Joy when she posted on her wall that something was bothering her. Due to the need for inclusion, and the need for affection as clarified in the FIRO’ s theory, these strangers commented on her status to show the concern they have to a person they share attributes and interests. For instance, as a show of the need for inclusion, many friends would want to have their comments count.Advertising Looking for research paper on communication strategies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This is majorly through the creating of unique and creatively constructed comments that stand out from the rest. With this, the person commenting has the assurance that people will notice the comment. This creates a kind of competition for whoever writes the best comment that will be appreciated by the user. A person feels that the need for inclusion is satisfied when the person ’likes’ their comment. Conclusion/So What Based on how easily it is for one’s character to change, it suffices to declare the issue of accepting or sending friend requests to strangers a bad practice that people need to avoid as much as possible bearing in mind that each stranger has his/her strange personality. People have witnessed cases of kidnapping happening as a result. For instance, young women and men have reached the level of establishing online relationships with people they do not know. Since some seem easy-swayed, reports of their missing occur on a daily basis as they try to meet their strange partners with the whole story ending tragically. Therefore, the concerned people need to consider such consequences that may occur in the future because of accepting strangers as friends. Of importance therefore is to get a prior understanding of the people one wishes to associate with in social networks such as facebook since the networks have suffered a good deal of abuse by people with ill motives. Since it is through the sending and confirming of friend requests that one gets friends in facebook, it is good to define the motive that one has when sending such requests or confirming them especially from strangers considering the dangers that emanate from that particular decision. Portraying patience in one’s interaction with strangers on facebook is a good strategy to ensure that he/she does not fall easy prey. The appearance of a person, proved in this case only by the profile picture or a number of uploaded albums cannot prove the identity of a strange r. The claim follows since facebook, the free social media, bears no regulations or restrictions and a person can even assume a false identity with the aim of luring another less suspicious facebook user into meeting with him/her. Facebook users should therefore consider the need to have a clear intention as to why they choose to add or confirm friends on facebook. The victims of issue should avoid considering the appearance of a stranger to assume that the person can make a good friend. The use of the data given in a person’s personal profile should also not be a reason why one should choose a stranger as a friend in a social network such as facebook. In cases where by one suspects a friend s/he has already added or has already confirmed, there are security measures to employ on face such as ‘unfriending’ the person blocking them. These options give facebook users a chance to manage their accounts by carefully choosing the friends with whom to associate. Works C ited Hadnagy, Christopher. Social Networking: The Art of Human Hacking. New York: Wiley, 2007. This research paper on Facebook: Why Add as a Friend and Different Personalities of Strangers on Facebook was written and submitted by user Kyla I. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Defining Programming Language

Defining Programming Language A programming language is used to write computer  programs including applications, utilities, and systems programs. Before the Java and C# programming languages appeared, computer programs were either compiled or interpreted.   A compiled program is written as a series of humanly understandable computer instructions that can be read by a  compiler  and  linker  and translated into  machine code  so that a computer can understand and run it. Fortran, Pascal, Assembly Language, C, and C programming languages are almost always compiled in this way. Other programs, such as Basic, JavaScript, and VBScript, are interpreted. The differences between compiled and interpreted languages  can be confusing. Compiling a Program The development of a compiled program follows these basic steps: Write or edit the programCompile the program into machine code files that are specific to the target machineLink the machine code files into a runnable program (known as an EXE file)Debug or run the program Interpreting a Program Interpreting a program is a much faster process thats helpful for novice programmers when editing and testing their code. These programs run slower than compiled programs. The steps to interpret a program are: Write or edit the programDebug or run the program using an interpreter program Java and C# Both Java and C# are semi-compiled.  Compiling Java generates bytecode that is later interpreted by a Java virtual machine. As a result, the code is compiled in a two-stage process.   C# is compiled into Common Intermediate Language, which is then run by the Common Language Runtime part of the .NET framework, an environment that supports just-in-time compilation. The speed of C# and Java is almost as fast as  a true compiled language. As far as speed goes, C, C, and C# all are sufficiently speedy for games and operating systems. Programs on a Computer From the moment you turn on your computer, it is running programs, carrying out instructions, testing  RAM and accessing the operating system on its drive. Each and every operation that your computer performs has instructions that someone had to write in a programming language. For example, the Windows 10 operating system has roughly 50 million lines of code. These had to be created, compiled and tested; a long and complex task. Programming Languages Now In Use Top programming languages for PCs are Java and C with C# close behind and C holding its own. Apple products use Objective-C and Swift programming languages. There are hundreds of small programming languages out there, but other popular programming languages include: PythonPHPPerlRubyGoRustScala There have been many attempts to automate the process of writing and testing programming languages by having computers write computer programs, but the complexity is such that, for now, humans still write and test computer programs. The Future for Programming Languages Computer programmers tend to use programming languages they know. As a result, the old tried-and-true languages have hung around for a long time. With the popularity of mobile devices, developers may be more open to learning new programming languages. Apple developed Swift to eventually replace Objective-C, and Google developed Go to be more efficient than C. Adoption of these new programs has been slow, but steady.

Culture Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Culture Change - Essay Example Once it becomes the learning organization, later different changes can be adopted by the administration and academic children easily. Empowerment is chosen for the faculty member as they can easily solve different issues with students and within the students. Moreover, they can decide accordingly that how they have to teach their students, what methodology they think would be better for academic careers of these students. For students in the business school, the school ahs decided to adopt socialization as more the students interact, the more they will learn from each other. The change in the culture or management of any organization not only includes cost rather it include consumption of time and other non-monetary cost. Before changing the culture and management in an organization we need to understand that how the culture within the organization is formed. The culture of the organization is formed when different people interact with each others and when their beliefs and values become matching with each other. Within an organization the faculty members and managers belongs to different cultures and backgrounds, but when they start working to achieve a single goal than their beliefs, values and mission become same and thus the start of a new culture within the organization start. ... The technological advancement and changes in the management strategies forces the top management to adopt a learning organization that keeps on changing with time. Learning organization requires decentralization, empowerment and cultural change. Providing a continuous change in the culture through learning process requires two main steps and these are 1. Single loop learning 2. This learning process involves identification of any problem and solving the problem in accordance with past policies and practices. 3. Double-loop learning 4. This learning process requires identification of different problems and solving them by adopting new changes in policies practices and standards. Process to develop a learning organization Different economists shows different process of theories evolved form the action research. But the action research process actually involves simply five steps in theory development and these are given as follows Diagnosis is the very first step in which the business school has to diagnose that where actually the problem is. They have to diagnose the problem within their departments. The change agent seeks the problem through different techniques either by interviewing the faculty members or seeking their reviews. The analysis is followed by the diagnosis process. In analysis section the business school has to analyze the root cause of the problem. The analysis process involves the involvement of faculty members that actually helps the change agent to seek the problem or changes in the departments. The feedback process includes information taken from the faculty members about above two processes. The feed back actually informs the

My plan for self fulfillment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

My plan for self fulfillment - Assignment Example I consider this my ideal self, for this is what I aspire to do or what I think’ I should’ do. Similarly my self-fulfillment would be in succeeding in my said goal. Therefore, it is imperative for me to take appropriate steps in order to achieve my goal which would lead to my ‘Self-fulfillment’ and the achievement of’ Ideal-self’. In order to succeed in my education I must allocate appropriate timings to devote myself for study. It would be possible by realizing that my studies are more important than play or any other indulgences. At the same time I must also realize what my responsibilities at home are. This can be fulfilled by contributing to my household chores equally and enthusiastically and lending hands to parents and family members in daily activities. Thirdly, in order for me to succeed in my professional life, I must be sincere and dedicated in my work and must contribute to the society effectively with my job. Ultimately to balance all of these three aspects of my life I must know how much time and effort to allocate for which role. Therefore, if I succeed in achieving this balance in life, I fulfill the concepts of ‘self-fulfillment’ and

Labor Relations Essay Example for Free

Labor Relations Essay In reviewing information pertaining to labor unions, there is a plethora of information about unions in the transportation industry. One of the most widely known unions is the teamster unions, which deals with truckers. Labor unions and issues with automotive industry are often seen in the media. The newest transportation industry in American history is the airline industry. As the newest transportation industry that is still vital to American comfort, convenience, and commercial, the airline industry is ripe for workers to organize and demand a greater piece of the profits from operations. In this essay, an effort will be made to review this company in regards to labor relations. Company’s stance toward Labor Delta Airlines was founded by C. E. Woolman, an agriculture extension agent (Anthony, Kacmar, Perrewe, 2010). C. E Woolman was not a banker, venture capitalist or war pilot, as many of the competing airlines were. He didn’t have the aggressive military style that many of the other airline founders had. What C. E. Woolman instilled within the employees at all levels of the organization is that people matter and should be treated fairly and equitably. This philosophy led Delta Airlines to be the leader in customer service from the company’s inception through the many mergers over the years. Through the difficult financial times when other airlines were laying off employees and filing for bankruptcy, Delta continued to pay their people well and keep them employed. There was an exception during the Ronald Allen CEO era of 1987 thru 1997. Human relations took a significant down turn during his tenure as CEO, especially during 1993 and 1994, but Delta decided to part ways with Allen and began repairing those fragile relationships with its employees. Delta Airlines still focuses on the human relations factor and has been able to repair the relationship with its employees; they believe it is their key to success. Despite the corporate culture to take care of its employees, a number of Delta employee departments are unionizing. They feel as though that piece is not being distributed justly. Formulate a strategy for negotiating a labor agreement Human behavior dictates that there will be problems. As a company starts making money, there is always a desire by the employees to acquire more of the profit. On the other hand, management has a desire to retain as much of the profit to be provided to investors and to receive bonuses for their â€Å"supposedly† wise business practices. When one group wants more and another wants to retain, there will be conflict. And this is precisely what is happening at Delta Airline, as well as among many industries in the transportation arena. Employees, seeking to gain an upper hand threaten to strike; however, management must be willing to address the matter through negotiation. The Negotiation Process Fisher and Ury recommend conducting negotiations according to the process of principled negotiation. Their method has four main tenets: 1. Separate the people from the problem. The idea should be for both sides to work together to attack a problem, rather than attacking each other. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to overcome emotional responses and set aside egos. 2. Focus on interests rather than positions. The natural tendency in many negotiations—for example, dickering over the price to be paid for an antique—is for both sides to state a position and then move toward middle ground. Fisher and Ury warn against confusing peoples stated positions with their underlying interests, and claim that positions often tend to obscure what people truly hope to gain through negotiation. 3. Generate a variety of options before deciding what to do. The pressure involved in any type of negotiation tends to narrow peoples vision and inhibit their creativity, making it difficult to find optimal solutions to problems. Instead, Fisher and Ury suggest developing a wide range of possible solutions as part of the negotiating process. These possible solutions should attempt to advance shared interests and reconcile differences. 4. Base the result on objective criteria. No one will be happy with the result of a negotiation if they feel that they have been taken advantage of. The solution is to find and apply some fair standard to the problem in order to guarantee a mutually beneficial result. Fisher and Urys principles provide a good overall guide for the actual negotiation process. In his book, Nierenberg offered a number of other tips and strategies that may be effective in promoting successful negotiations. For example, it may be helpful to ask questions in order to form a better understanding of the needs and interests of the other side. The questions must be phrased diplomatically and timed correctly in order to avoid an antagonistic response. The idea is to gain information and uncover basic assumptions without immediately taking positions. Nierenberg stressed the importance of listening carefully to the other sides responses, as well as studying their facial expressions and body language, in order to gain quality information. Nierenberg noted that good negotiators will employ a variety of means to accomplish their objectives. Small business owners should be aware of some of the more common strategies and techniques that they may see others apply or may wish to apply themselves. One common strategy is forbearance, or patience pays, which covers any sort of wait or delay in negotiations. If one side wishes to confer in private, or adjourn briefly, they are employing a strategy of forbearance. Another common strategy is to present a fait accompli, or come to a final offer and leave it up to the other side to decide whether to accept it. In a simple example, a small business owner may scratch out one provision in a contract that he or she finds unacceptable, then sign it and send it back. The other party to the contract then must decide whether to accept the revised agreement. Nierenberg warns that this strategy can be risky, and encourages those who employ it to carefully appraise the consequences first. Another possible negotiating strategy is reversal, which involves taking a position that seems opposed to the original one. Similarly, feinting involves apparently moving in one direction in order to ivert attention from the true goal. For example, a negotiator may give in on a point that is not very important in order to make the real objective more attainable. Another strategy involves setting limits on the negotiation, whether with regards to time, the people involved, or other factors. It is also possible to change the participation in the negotiation if it seems to be at an impasse. For example, a neutral third party may be enlisted to help, or one or two people from each side may be sent off to continue the negotiation separately. It may also be helpful to break down the problem into small pieces and tackle them one by one. Another strategy might be to trade sides for a short time and try to view the situation from each others perspective. All of these techniques may be applied either to gain advantage or to push forward a negotiation that has apparently reached an impasse. Analyze the principle economic and administrative issues The airline industry is a fast growing sector demonstrating a very strong growth rate. It is associated with a number of social and economic benefits and is a growing contributor to the global inventory (Whitelegg, 2000). Business cycles have a wide reaching impact on the airline industry; during recession, air travel was considered a luxury and therefore spending is cut which leads to reduced prices. The industry creates its impact not just by providing direct employment, but also through the creation of opportunities throughout the travel and hospitality sector of the economy. Jobs in hotels, resorts, restaurants and car rental agencies are all impacted by the airline industry (Global Airline Industry Program, 2011). The airline industry itself is a major economic force, both in terms of its own operations and its impacts on related industries such as aircraft manufacturing and tourism. There are few industries that create the amount and intensity of attention that airlines receive, not only among its participants but from government policy makers and the media as well. The crucial issues on the table vary depending on whether the person is in management or is a worker. For management, the key to retain as much money as possible, while for the workers the goal is to obtain more of the profit. Thus, in management, the argument would be made to show how much money is used to provide employee insurances and benefits, reinvest in equipment and aircraft, general property and liability. On top of that, investors must be repaid. For the employee or worker, this is a stressful environment where the employee needs to be compensated for his work-related stress. Employee paid benefits continues to decrease, and the employee is forced to pay a disproportionate share. Thus, the employee needs more money just to live at a sustainable level. Recommend policies and procedures to administer a labor contract and resolve disputes. It is of utmost importance to resolve conflict expeditiously and justly for all parties involved. Thus, I would recommend the following policies as a means to resolve disputes: When a team oversteps the mark of healthy difference of opinion, resolving conflict requires respect and patience. The human experience of conflict involves our emotions, perceptions, and actions; we experience it on all three levels, and we need to address all three levels to resolve it. We must replace the negative experiences with positive ones. Acknowledge the conflict – The conflict has to be acknowledged before it can be managed and resolved. The tendency is for people to ignore the first signs of conflict, perhaps as it seems trivial, or is difficult to differentiate from the normal, healthy debate that teams can thrive on. If you are concerned about the conflict in your team, discuss it with other members. Once the team recognizes the issue, it can start the process of resolution. †¢ Discuss the impact – As a team, discuss the impact the conflict is having on team dynamics and performance. Agree to a cooperative process – Everyone involved must agree to cooperate in to resolve the conflict. This means putting the team first, and may involve setting aside your opinion or ideas for the time being. If someone wants to win more than he or she wants to resolve the conflict, you may find yourself at a stalemate. †¢ Agree to communicate – The most important thing throughout the resolution process is for everyone to keep communications open. The people involved need to talk about the issue and discuss their strong feelings. Active listening is essential here because to move on you eed to really understand where the other person is coming from. Determine the most likely interest dispute and determine how you could leverage economic pressure to help resolve that dispute. â€Å"There is no way to overstate the role â€Å"leverage† plays when it comes to achieving favorable settlements. Leverage is defined as: â€Å"positional advantage; the power to act effectively; strategic advantage†. Stated more simply, your leverage is whatever power you have† (Cory, 2011). Leverage is usually more about situational advantage than objective strength or power. For example, a single individual or small business may have few resources relative to a large corporation but still have situational advantage by virtue of being able to compel the larger corporation to appear and answer in a favorable venue. Likewise even when there is a legitimate claim which could result in a significant loss to the defendant, if the plaintiff does not have the resources or the fortitude to stay the course, then the defendant has the situational advantage by virtue of being able to delay and wait the plaintiff out. Leverage can be real or imagined. Your actual leverage at any point in time is based only on the other side’s perception of your leverage (which can obviously differ significantly from the actual facts). There are obviously situations where you have an information advantage, such as when you know about a weakness in your case that is not yet known by the other side. In such a situation you will, perhaps only briefly, appear to have more leverage than you actually do. Likewise, you can be at an information disadvantage such as when you mistakenly think that the other side has a stronger case than they actually do. There are also situations where you mistakenly think that your case is stronger than it actually is which occurs when for one reason or another you don’t have all the facts, or when the facts have not been accurately relayed to you. But regardless of your actual leverage, if there is no fear on the other side, you have little if any effective leverage (Cory, 2011).

Isolation Theme in Grendel :: essays research papers

Isolation Have you ever felt as though you’re alone in the world, even though you are not? In the book Grendel, the main character is the last of his species, excluding his mother who might as well be non-existent in the novel. Grendel is a monster who speaks a language very similar to that of the humans he watches almost constantly. He feels a certain attachment to them throughout the whole novel, but he is unable to become close to any of them due to his horrifying form. The humans are terrified of Grendel, and attack him whenever he comes near. He feels completely isolated, as do many people in our world. The story begins with a flash-back into Grendel’s early years. He is all alone even then, but he is too young to realize it and fills this void with imaginary friends. He talks about how he entertained himself during his early years saying â€Å"Crafty-eyed, wicked as an elderly wolf, I would scheme with or stalk my imaginary friends, projecting the self I meant to become into every dark corner of the cave and the woods above† (17). People in our world may invent imaginary friends also, sometimes for companionship, as part of play, or for other reasons. Imaginary friends can serve as an important source of companionship to some children and even adults, especially if companionship is absent for them in the social world. As an example â€Å"young children in boarding schools often develop imaginary friends to cope with extreme stress and separation from their intimate relations† (www.phycologytoday.com/z10/fl/mllr.7se.php) Finding a mate is hard for Grendel, especially because he’s the last of his species. However, he still has the same emotions as humans when it comes to love. He first encounters these unfamiliar emotions when Hrothgar is given a wife named Wealtheow. Grendel thinks she is beautiful, and starts to rethink his war on the humans when he contemplates killing Wealtheow, saying to himself â€Å"It would be meaningless, killing her. As meaningless as letting her live. It would be, for me, mere pointless pleasure, an illusion of order for this one frail, foolish, flicker-flash in the long dull fall of eternity.† (108). Even though he is a monster, he still feels the same emotion of love that humans do. Grendel and the humans share a common language, but the humans’ disgust for, and fear of Grendel precludes any actual meaningful exchange.

Dirt Bike Usa

TABLE OF CONTENT I. DIRT BIKES USA COMPANY I. IS REQUIREMENT AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE II. COMPETITIVE STRATEGY III. OPERATIONAL EXCELLENCE: 1. rent or buy decision for hardware and software 2. CUSTOMER DATABASE 3. SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT SOLUTION 4. E-COMMERCE STRATEGY 5. KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT 6. COMPONENT PRICE CHANGES. I – DIRT BIKES USA COMPANY: Dirt Bikes USA is Dirt Bikes production company based in California.It was founded in 1991 by Carl Schmidt and Steven McFadden, two young but experienced bikers with engineering backgrounds who saw that dirt bikes were becoming very popular in the United States as both sporting and racing motorcycles. 1. Goals and Culture * Culture: Carl Schmidt and Steven McFadden founded dirt bikes USA. They noticed that Dirt bike was becoming popular in the United States. They were founded on a friendly, family type atmosphere, attention to detail and quality, and continual learning and innovation.With these values Dirt bikes has excelled to one of the top companies, competing with the likes of Honda, Yamaha, and Kawasaki. * Goals: Dirt bikes goals are very ambitious, and if fulfilled will bring them to the top of the list. They want to improve on their services, and products, and innovate cutting edge technology that will hopefully propel them to the top. They want to increase sales in both the domestic and international market. 2. Products and services: * Dirt Bikes does not sell directly to retail customers, relying on a network of 40 distributors concentrated in the Western and Midwestern United States.A small percentage of Dirt Bikes are sold in Europe using independent distributors that sell other brands of dirt bikes and motorcycles as well as Dirt Bikes. Dirt Bikes motorcycles, parts, and service, including warranty repairs, can only be obtained through an authorized Dirt Bikes dealer. All motorcycle and spare parts sales, shipping and set-up must be handled by a certified dealer. If a potential customer lives more than 50 miles from the nearest authorized Dirt Bikes dealer, the customer can purchase a Dirt Bike or Dirt Bike parts through a certified independent motorcycle dealer.Retail customers can purchase spare parts directly from Dirt Bikes only by verifying that they live more than 50 miles from an authorized Dirt Bikes dealer. The engines for Dirt Bikes are Rotax engines from Austria and tires are from Dunlop, but many of their parts, such as shock absorbers, front wheel forks, exhaust pipes, and headlights, are from the United States. Dirt Bikes currently produces four models: the Enduro 250, the Enduro 550, the Moto 300 and the Moto 450. The two Enduros are endurance racers, while the Motos are for motocross racing.All four are very modern, with such technology as both kick and electric starters, steering stabilizers, and liquid cooling 3. Organization: Carl Schmidt is the CEO of Dirt Bikes USA and Steve McFadden serves as President and COO. The employees of this company are involved in the design, engineering and production aspects, and include 3 full-time designers, 3 full-time engineers, 4 full-time parts specialist, and a 10-employee service department. There is also a marketing manager whose job is to oversee 5 sales representatives. Overall, the company employs 120 people and has expanded greatly since the early 1990’s.The strengths of this organization is that production department is divided effectively in smaller parts, they can easily control the operations. However, the weaknesses of organization is moderately hierarchical & small, there are no separate managers for service, shipping & receiving, parts and design & engineering and manufacturing. II – INFORMATION SYSTEM REQUIREMENT AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: Dirt Bikes USA relies heavily on database software such as Microsoft Excel and Microsoft Access. This is to keep track of sales, inventory, and employee matters.The best selling product of Dirt Bikes USA has been the Enduro 550 and th e worst selling product has been the Moto 450. Sales by Model| Model| 2003| 2004| 2005| 2006| 2007| Enduro 250| 1201| 1663| 2291| 2312| 2195| Enduro 550| 2832| 3290| 3759| 4078| 3647| Moto 300| 1755| 1932| 2454| 2615| 2627| Moto 450| 463| 598| 661| 773| 823| TOTAL| 6251| 7483| 9165| 9778| 9292| In the first three years, international sales were consistently rising from 2003 – 2005, and then started to fall during the last two year. They have never contributed more than 10% of the total sales.International sales have grown relative to Domestic sales, however, in 2006, there has been a decrease in international sales while domestic sales have also increased. Domestic vs. International Sales| | 2003| 2004| 2005| 2006| 2007| Domestic| 5723| 6843| 8254| 8889| 8530| International| 528| 640| 911| 889| 762| TOTAL| 6251| 7483| 9165| 9778| 9292| % International| 8. 4%| 8. 6%| 9. 9%| 9. 1%| 8. 2%| | | | | | | Figure 2: Domestic vs International Sales from 2003 to 2007 Consolidated State ments of Income (in thousands)| | 2007| 2006| 2005| Revenue| | | |Net sales| 60,144 | 64,063 | 61,529 | Cost of goods sold| 45,835 | 43,155 | 41,072 | Gross profit/(loss)| 14,309 | 20,908 | 20,457 | Gross margin| 23. 8%| 32. 6%| 33. 2%| | | | | Operating expenses| | | | Sales and markering| 4,733 | 4,537 | 3,944 | Engineering and product development| 3,141 | 2,992 | 2,339 | General and administrative| 1,913 | 1,601 | 1,392 | Total operating expenses| 9,787 | 9,130 | 7,675 | Operating income/loss| 4,522 | 11,778 | 12,782 | | | | | Other income/expense| | | | Interest income/expense| 1,747 | 175 | 80 | Other income/(expense)| (6,254)| (2,914)| (3,080)|Income before provision for income taxes| 15 | 9,039 | 9,782 | Income taxes| 1,459 | 1,729 | 535 | Net income/(loss)| (1,444)| 7,310 | 9,247 | Net margin| -2%| 11%| 15%| | | | | Summary Balance Sheet Data| | | | | At December 31| 2007| 2006| 2005| Current assets| | | | Cash and cash equivalents| 6,994 | 7,197 | 6,891 | Accounts reveivabl e| 13,083 | 12,981 | 12,872 | Inventories| 6,315 | 5,931 | 5,843 | Total current assets| 26,392 | 26,109 | 25,606 | | | | | Property plant, and equipment| 36,920 | 34,515 | 32,002 | Other assets| 1,765 | 1,903 | 1,834 |Total assets| 65,077 | 62,527 | 59,442 | | | | | Current liabilities| | | | Accounts payable| 8,943 | 8,694 | 7,592 | Accrued expenses and other liabilities| 10,877 | 9,382 | 8,654 | Total current liabilities| 19,820 | 18,076 | 16,246 | | | | | Long-term debt| 9,772 | 9,338 | 8,890 | Total liabilities| 29,592 | 27,414 | 25,136 | | | | | Shareholders' equity| 35485| 35113| 34306| Total liabilities + shareholders' equity| 65,077 | 62,527 | 59,442 | The income statement and balance sheet are the primary financial statements used by management to determine how well a firm is performing.The income statement, also called an operating statement or profit and loss statement, shows the income and expenses of a firm over a period of time, such as a year, a quarter, or a month. The gross profit represents the difference between the firm’s revenue (or sales) and the cost of goods sold. The gross margin is calculated by dividing gross profit by net sales. Revenue is not growing steadily, from 2005 to 20046 the revenue increases at rate of 4. 12%; from 2006 to 2007 the revenue decreases at rate of -6. 12%.Cost of goods sold increases steadily from 2005 to 2007, while revenue just increases from 2005 to 2006, and decreases from 2006 to 2007. Gross margin and net margin decreases from 2005 to 2007 Operating expense increases from 2005 to 2007 A company has more current assets than current liabilities, firm has enough working capital to fund investments in new products and information systems. Firm has assets to pay for expenses and to finance the development of new products and information systems. III – ANALYZING COMPETETIVE STRATEGY 1. VALUE CHAIN OF DIRT BIKE USA:The company provides value to its customers by designing and manufacturing high qu ality custom motorcycles, and by servicing those motorcycles. Dirt Bikes choose top components from different famous suppliers around the world to make sure that each component of their product perform the best quality to customer. This activity make it become a unique spirited style for which company is noted. Moreover, all of Dirt Bikes’ product are warranty repaires, shipping and set-up must be handled by a certificate dealer, if the customers living within 50 miles from the nearset athoritizedDirt Bike dealers, they can purchase a Dirt Bike or Dirt Bike parts through a certified independent motocycle dealer, and so forth. The fact showing Dirt Bike’s concentration on providing the best products and services to its customers is that the company’s parts and service department is responsible for 15% of the total revenue. Furthermore, the most significant evidence to prove that Dirt Bike has provided the best quality products can be seen in the numbers of races that this brand wins each year. Besides, focusing on diversity of products is also a reason create value for Dirt Bike in the high competitive market.The company has produced many forms of racing dirt bike such as racing specifically for different size bikes, for short distances, long distances, and even for up to six days. Currently, Dirt Bike produces the highest value product is the Enduro 550, which is the top selling bike focused toward the dedicated beginner and semi-professional racer. By products lines that represent the needs and request of customers, Dirt Bike has gained the satisfation and trust from its customers. One of the most activities creating the most value for Dirt Bike is advertisement.Most of its advertisement is at racing event or racing magazines. Although known as one of the supplier selling the highest quality to customer, Dirt Bike use a very competitive level of price to against others competitors. Honda :2012 Honda CRF ® 450R $8,440| Dirt Bike 2012:Mot o 450 $8,995 The Enduro 250 $3,250The Enduro 550 $7,600The Moto 300 $4,295| Yamaha motocross :2012 Yamaha YZ 250F $7,290| | KTM: 2012 KTM SX 250| $6,899| | | | Kawasaki2012 KX450F US MSRP Price: $8,399| | Other ways to provide value to customers are the policy of listening to customers’ feedback on how to improve the product, sharing their experiences and informing the newest products to them through Dirt Bikes USA Owner Group. In addtion to adding value to its products and customers, Dirt Bikes also have a professtional employees who communicate with customers and show up the high quality as well as the differences of Dirt Bike directly. 2. RIVALS There are many company which produce and sell dirt bikes in the world.Among of such a huge competitors, Honda, Kawasaki, Suzuki and Yamaha represent as Dirt Bike’s primary competitors. Those companies are known for completely custom in-house design. Besdides that, they not only sell products but also the parts of their bikes ,which allow them to expand theirs business and control the quality as well as the revenue of company. Furhermore, Having a large Expenditure budget on advertisement helps them build a significant image in customer’s trust, gain a strong loyalty with long-term customer, appear popular on other retailers’ websites.Four brands shoould have been consider as the â€Å" big four† threaten Dirt Bikes USA. Honda Advantages: * Slimmed -down fuel tanks * Wide-ratio gearing * Electric starting Suzuki Advantages: * Loads of mid-range * Lightweight handling Yamaha Advantages: * Lightweight frame * Lightening- quick handling * Smooth power delivery 3. FACTORS INFLUENCE DIRT BIKE INDUSTRY: * Internet: the fast development of Internet is always a good sign for society and all manufacturing process whole the world. However, it is also considered as a potential threat of any industry, not except dirt bike.The ease of access allows Dirt Bike as well as other competitors to search the information of lower price supplies, high quality but cheaper parts as well as labor or advance advertisement. There is the same source for all compaies, therefore, it is hard for Dirt Bike to make the differences from other exitsting competitors as well as new potential competitors who are going to step into this segment. * Economy situtation: There is no exactly prediction about the world in the future, especially the current economy in Europe is not a optimistic view for Dirt Bike when its the largest market is almost in those Western countries.When there is a recession, people tent to reduce their demand in leisure activities; as a result, the revenue of dirt bike industry will steadily decrease. * The policy of goverment: It can not deny the relationship between economy and politic. Lower tax on import goods and service as well as afforable tax income, so forth are factors can determine the supply and demand of dirt bike industry. When governemnt carry out the tighten poli cy, selling those products will get the big trouble. * Taste of customer: Taste is also an important factors influent on dirt bike industy.It is very simple to see that switching hobby from using dirt bike to other vehicles will cause a headache for producer to motivate their customer to spend money on unnecessary procucts. * Quality: When Dirt Bike came into this industry, it made a promise on providing high quality and services to its customerl; therefore, it must keep its promise as its competitive advantage against others rivals. * New competitors: a market with many competitors will also cause some problems to existing company in dirt bike market. The organization as well as strategy will change along with behaviors of new enterprises. . COMPETITIVE STRATEGY: The most suitable strategy that Dirt Bike USA should follow is Low-cost Leadership. As we know, it has 4 big competitors who make Dirt Bike have to apply the most attractive strategy to gain more loyalty, interest from cus tomers as well as keep its market segment in long term. Others set the higher prices for their products as the claim on the quality. If Dirt Bike could produce such high quality products but sell at an attractive price, this competitive advantage would help Dirt Bike become unique in this industry.Moreover, Dirt Bike should apply some methods to improve its business besides the Low-cost Leadership: * Firstly, Dirt Bikes is known as one of the highest quality suppliers in the world. Its warranty on satifation of customer with Dirt Bikes’ products is its competitive advantage and it should continue to make use of this advantage to expand its business to others segment or others countries. It can do the same as other rivals by selling the parts to satisfy full demand of customers or expand its business to ATV or road motorcycles, which will help Dirt Bikes’ revenue as well as gain a better profit. Secondly, Dirt Bikes alsmot sell its products through its distributors. The information they keep is just information about those distributors not its customers. Another way to improve its business is develop its information system. Set up a large source of information about about all customers not only help Dirt Bike with managing customer profile more easily, spreading out needed information faster but also create a great bridge to build a long-term relationship with customer. * Finally, it should spend more money and time in advertisement, especially E-commerce.Its website should be redesigned to make customer as well as employees has a clearly look at all products it is selling. Providing more detail, technical information, comparision to others same line products. Those essential information has to be uploaded on the Website, beautiful and clear design to help customer more knowledgeable about products they would like to buy and support employees when they talk about products customers would like to know or they would like to sell. What is more, Dirt Bikes should invite famous riders to ride advertise for their products. This method will raise the trust in customer more. . INFORMATION SYSTEMS WOULD BE SUITABLE FOR THE CHOSEN STRATEGY: * CAD/CAM: technology allows engineer and draftspeople to design systems. * Communication and collaboration systems: allows all employees to communicate effectively and efficiently via e-mail, voice mail, call center and others. * Data warehouse: allows managers and knowlegde workers store huge amount of data that can be easily accessed and manipulated for decision support. * Mobile computing systems: supports mobile employees who work with cusomer or business partners outside the physical boudaries of the organization.Supply Chain Management System: This system may allow the company to manage their inventory levels more efficiently. * * IV – OPERATIONAL EXCELLENCE: * Developing a website privacy policy: developing a web site privacy policy There are some kind of personal information the web site can collect in order to serve customers well such as name, address, email, phone number†¦these database can be collected through: Order form If customers order products, the company requires personally identificable information. With these database, the company will deliver products exactly and on time.Email is very useful to provide services for customers. For example, a customer has a problem about his product, he can send email to service center to get the help instead of going to the company, or when the company has promotional campaign, it will send information to customers to announce about the news and encourage customers to buy new products. Surveys or contests: Participation in these surveys is completely voluntary. The requested information certainly includes contact information. Clickstream, web bacons: he company can use information collected from clickstreams to well understand about what customers are interested in, what they need; since the company set up pl ans to satisfy customers or provide services they needs. Although the website collects customer information and uses them as marketing and business purposes, it is ensured that security is very important to the company. When customers enter sensitive information such as social security number or credit card number on order forms, the company always warrant that information is encrypted by using secure socket layer technology (SSL).Additionally, not share personal information to the third party is a goal of the company. 1. Improving decision making: Making the rent or buy decision for hardware and software a. Rent or purchase software | | 2 tables above shows that the cost of purchasing software is less than the cost of renting hosted software. Thus, purchasing software is the best solution | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | b. Strengths and Weaknesses of renting vs purchasing | Rent| Purchase|Strengths| -cheaper cost -alternative new software easily-having most of the required features-minimal IT staffs| -free management to deal with product's core competence forever-have guaranteed appreciation over a time period time-minimal IT staffs| Weaknesses| -limited time using-limitation on the software customization-uncomfortable when the software is out of date-frequent software updates-long term reliance on vendor support| -expensive cost-expense when alternative new software-limitation on software customization-incompatible with company needs-frequent software updates-long term reliance on vendor support|If the company rent software, it can change into another software when the old one doesn’t fit company needs. The cost paid for rented software is cheaper than purchased software, so the cost for changing does not take much as well. Suppose the rented software is not out of date, the company also does not waste available resources as well as the money spending. Software is usually sold in a package. The c ompany has to buy full package even though it may not use all the functions. Thus, the company will waste the big money for spending useless functions of the software which is going to be released.Otherwise, the company has free management to deal with software’s core competencies forever. The company do not need to concern about time using as renting. That is uncomfortable when someday the software is out of date but the company still need to use it, the manager will have to sign a new contract for continuously using. That affects to company’s operations and waste time. Renting and purchasing need to be updated frequently to ensure that they always fits to company demands, hence both of them rely on vendor support in long term. Additionally, limitation on the software customization need to be considered as well.The company rent or purchase any software, it just has authority to use this software for helping the business to run effectively. It is not allowed to transfe r or copy into many versions to sell. However, minimal IT staffs is a strong point of both renting and purchasing. Software helps the company to handle well with a large information that human can not do although amount of staffs is large. c. Other factors need to be considered (beside cost): * Duration of need (long term or short term) If the company want to use in short term (usually under 6 months), then renting is optimal solution.In contrast, purchasing will be the best solution if time using is over 6 months (long term) * Compatibility Software run on iphone can not run on android. That is example about compatibility. Similarly, Microsoft 2010 can not run on window XP SP1, SP2, rather than they are window XP SP3, win 7 or later * Friendly interface Software that is easy to use will increase efficiency for the company. * Efficiency Microsoft 2007 is better than Microsoft 2003 because Microsoft 2007 has more functions than Microsoft 2003:colorful interface, beautiful templates.F urthermore, office 2007 can open XML files which are files of older office version†¦More functions are shown on ribbon. That helps users manipulate quickly. * Supporting The software should provide support for common tools used for the volume digitization of paper documents and integration with other devices that generate digital documents such as fax servers. 2 – CUSTOMER DATABASE: Dirt Bikes USA does not sell its products directly to retail customers; however, these transactions are primarily made through its distributors’ network.The information of a customer will be collected by the company’s distributors when this sale is made. This database is then forwarded to Dirt Bikes. Figure 1: Customer Database collected from distributors. Figure 1 shows the customers’ information that distributors forwarded to Dirt Bikes. This table includes many kinds of information: customer name, address (street, city, state, and zip code), telephone number, model pur chased, date of purchase, distributor, customers’ interests and tastes (their ages, level of education, and favorite sport), and their attentions to racing events.Storing all the information at only one place is so complicated and when it develops into thousand-record table, it is difficult to manage all information effectively. Moreover, it may take a lot of time to withdraw a piece of data as needed. To be able to market aggressively, therefore, the database needs to be redesigned. The new database will include tables and reports that allow the company to know certain information about the customers. The Marketing department would also like to be able to keep the customers updated on certain events, such as races and sales, depending on their ages, education level, and their previous purchases.Using Microsoft Access program (version 2007), the database that we designed is very simple to use, yet very effective. From the main database (Figure 1), 3 sub-tables are adding and each table manages 1 kind of information withdrawing from the main data. Figure 2: Distributor table The table shows the list of distributors’ names and their IDs. Managing distributors’ information by their IDs can avoid confusions and help looking up this information easily and quickly. Figure 3: Model table This table shows the models of dirt bike that the company produces and sells in the market.Each model is managed by 1 ID. Figure 4: Purchase table This table show previous purchases. Each record comprises Customer ID (the customer that made this transaction), Model ID (model ordered), date purchase of such transaction, and Distributor ID (distributor that made the transaction with the customer). Purchase ID is the primary key of the table. Figure 5: Relationship between 4 tables. This figure shows the relationship between 4 tables: Customer table (main table), Purchase table, Model table, and Distributor table.Specifically, Customer ID is the primary key in Custo mer table and in Purchase Table; Customer ID is the foreign key. Model ID is primary key in Model table and the field with the same name in Purchase table is foreign key. Distributor ID in Distributor table is the primary key and is the foreign key in Purchase table. All these relationships above are in one-to-Many type because the primary keys of tables of Customer, Distributor, and Model can appear many times in Purchase table. It means that one customer can make many transactions with many distributors and buy many models as well.Figure 6: Identify repeat customer by query. This table shows the way we design query to count the number of transactions that customers have made so far with source is Purchase table. Based on the result of this query, we can report frequent customers of Dirt Bikes USA. Figure 7: Repeat Customers. This figure shows the process that we create report of frequent customers. Customers that bought more than 1 product of the company will be reported with thei r names, phone number, model they ordered, dates of purchases and the distributors they bought dirt bikes from.Besides knowing who are valuable customers that the company needs to take good care of, Marketing department can also recognize effective distributors to give them acknowledgements for their good jobs (rewards, bonus, etc. ). Additionally, more reports can be added to better suite the needs of the company. Several reports that may be of need to Dirt Bikes USA are Racing events report, which show customers are avid racers, as well as the ages of the customers. Below are some examples of the reports needed by the Marketing department of Dirt Bikes USA. Figure 8: Racing events.This figure shows the way we made report of Racing events. The report shows customers that will attend racing events. This information is useful to Dirt Bikes USA because it enables the company to notify customers of when certain racers are being held. This way, the customers are aware of races and event s that they are interested in attending or racing in. Figure 9: Customers’ ages, Education levels, and favorite sports This figure shows the way we design the report of Customers ‘Ages, Education Levels, and favorite sports. The report allows the Marketing department to see their customers’ tastes.It can also help the company know which group of customers they are serving. From this information, Dirt Bikes USA can improve their performance in Customer services as well as improving its products’ designs and quality to fit customers’ interests. 3 – SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT SOLUTION: A supply chain is defined as a network of organizations and business processes for procuring materials, transforming raw materials into intermediate and finished products, and distributing the finished products to customers. Fulfilling orders on time is becoming increasingly harder for Dirt Bikes.This is due to the delays of obtaining certain parts to the motorcycles , especially their fuel tanks. This is a serious issue because this could lead to loses in sales because customers do not want to wait so long for their orders to be filled. Finding a different fuel tank supplier is very necessary. In response to the supply chain problems that Dirt Bikes USA searched for alternate suppliers on the internet. There are three possible alternative suppliers that were found: Company| Location| Cost of part| Cost of shipping| Motosport. com| Gresham, OR 97230| $247. 9| Fedex: free 2days| Motocyle-superstore. com| Medford, OR 97204| $273. 99| Free ground| Xrsonly. com| Hesperia, CA 92345| $249. 95| UPS 3 day: $26. 39| The suitable choice is motosport. com. They have the cheapest price and their website guarantees 30 day price matching. The shipping is not only free but 2nd day by Federal Express. The motosport. com website also looks more professional, and has a contact page that shows a picture of their administration offices, and the address of their war ehouse. It is possible that Dirt Bikes USA could be aided by implementing supply chain management software. Logility: Voyager SupplyPlanning| Wolin Design Group: da Vinci| Features| – Maximize probabilitycost for effective solutions- Optimizing sourcing and decision making. – Helps balance resources, constraints and customer service levels. – Analyses of customer orders-Evaluate costs and revenues| – Easy to report cost of effective solutions- Free training- Allows implementation of all or one applications- Optimizing resources. – Helps balance resources, constraints and customer service levels- Analyses of customer orders| Dirt Bike USA should also invest in good supply chain management software.The figure below compares the features of The Logility Company’s Voyager Supply Planning software with Wolin Design Group’s da Vinci software. The suitable option is the da Vinci software. There are some reasons for this, first of all, the co mpany does not require the purchase for all the components of the software; a company can choose to buy only certain applications. There are even add-ons to the standard software package. Before the company purchases the product, they are allows to do a demo with employees from Wolin Design Group.If the company is not satisfied with the product, the company will not have to purchase the software. Once the demo is complete and the company purchases the software, the implementation process begins. There is a Help Desk that can answer any questions or fix any problems that may arise. The actual software package itself provides Dirt Bikes with great services. Da Vinci is a whole database where every part of the ordering, financing, and inventory side of the company can be kept. It allows tracking of the products and shipping aspects.Inventory Management and other reports are easy to access because of the tracking. There are reports for the profit, revenue and costs of Dirt Bikes, as wel l as management reports. The reports help with the decision making and the everyday success of the company. The software also tries its best to minimize the cost of building the bikes and the all around costs in general. Voyager Supply Planning software is a great option, but da Vinci provides services that are more suitable for Dirt Bikes USA. 4- E-COMMERCE STRATEGY: Internet is becoming more and more popular in modern life as well as in business.E-commerce is an useful application for seller and buyer to reach their willingness.. Almost everyone has a computer with internet connection. By having a website, Dirt Bikes would be able to expand its business better because it will reach out to many people. Customers will also find it more convenient to do their shopping online. The customers have more time for choosing products and the shopper has a chance to read about all the different kinds of bikes. It also enables them to compare bikes to one another, as well as see pictures of al l of them. E-commerce allows the company to be more competitive.Dirt Bike should sell not only motorcycle but also parts on the Web, the customers will have more option when looking its website. Advertisement about the new products, popular product on the front page of the website is also a good way to attract customer. Although there are many benefits from E-commerce, Dirt Bike has to face with risks that derive from online trading. * Buyers from all over the world may use fake or stolen credit cards and online payment accounts or they outright lie about delivery. Many claim non-delivery or damaged goods in order to get refunds.This is turn makes it costly for sellers, as they are faced with the reality that now they have lost both their inventory and money. * Sellers may take money without ever sending any product or forwarding inferior goods to the customers. * When a company accepts a customer's credit card and personal data, unless the business takes measures to protect that in formation, data is easily stolen through hacking, making both the seller and the buyer vulnerable. Solutions for better E-commerce strategy: One e-commerce company that provides excellent services is NetSuite.It allows a small to medium company to be managed completely on this one software. Some of the services : website and web store building and hosting, built-in analytics and reporting, low-cost customer service, and superior e-commerce marketing tools. In order for the e-commerce software to be a profitable investment for Dirt Bikes, the cost savings need to increase. The increase should be more than the company has made in the past, and then some because of the cost of the e-commerce software. Advantages: * Managed Completely on on Software. Website and Web store building and hosting * Built-in analytics and reporting * Low-cost customer service * Superior e-commerce marketing tools 5 – KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT: The most important explicit knowledge of Dirt Bike USA assets a re its engineering designs, its customer relations management, and its sales/marketing processes. This is the explicit and tacit knowledge, most of the knowledge can be documented. The engineer can graph his or her design and the customers or sellers can save their information in their documents.There is also tacit knowledge, the designers have to think about the new ideas to refresh the products and attract people, the engineers have to think about the techniques to deal with employees and customers as well, they have to think the ways to increase the employees’ productivity, some tricks that can be used by the sellers to persuade the customers to buy their products. However, the knowledge assets of Dirt Bike is not only internal asset but also external assets. The Dirt Bike use outside engine manufacture so it has be knowledgeable about the engine products that are produced and developed by their engine suppliers.The marketers also use outside media to know about the market trend, the customers interest to increase the investment from outsiders to expand the company. Knowledge management system is the system that would contain as much information as possible that can be documented and organized, from raw data to data studies. The system brings many benefits for employees and company itself. The engineers can use the data from this system for the correct engine designs and knowing whether the engine products from the suppliers are qualified are or not. The designers can use the data and get the materials for the products.The marketers can use external and internal data for making marketing plan and getting investment. The sellers can use the data for market segmentation, and determine the time for selling suitable kind of product. The managers can know the information quickly to update about the new plan, new economics trend to have better react. Finally, the company can get the products’ feedback from customers, make the survey about the custom ers’ interest. With many benefits from the Knowledge management system Dirt Bike need to use it but the problem here is how can they find he Knowledge management system company that suitable for them? The appropriate knowledge management system for Dirt Bike is Safeharbor (http://www. safeharbor. com/solutions/knowledge-management-services/) it has almost everything that suitable for not only Dirt Bike but also many different companies. Its Knowledge Engineers work directly with the company’s teams to help with some or all of the following: Content assessment, Content creation and testing, Analysis and reporting, Contact center alignment, Taxonomy, Best practices.It has some functions that other companies do not have like multi-language which is necessary for the company to have agencies in different countries, multi-currency for faster transaction and Boolean search for faster searching. The company has 3 competitive advantages: simple and intuitive, powerful and cust omizable, cost effective. It provides: Internal Knowledge base: * Powerful Search Engine. * Easy Article Creation and Content Management. * Powerful Knowledge Base Management Tools. * Improved Agent Effectiveness * Moderator Controls. * Reporting & Analytics * Cloud Mobility. External Knowledge base: Extremely Customizable. * Intuitive Self Service. * User Feedback. * Community Forums. Component| Component No. | Source| Unit Cost| Quantity| Extended Cost| | Brake cable| M0593| Nissin| 27. 81| 1| 27. 81| | Brake pedal| M0546| Harrison Billet| 6. 03| 2| 12. 06| | Brake pad| M3203| Russell| 27. 05| 2| 54. 10| | Front brake pump| M0959| Brembo| 66. 05| 1| 66. 05| | Rear brake pump| M4739| Brembo| 54. 00| 1| 54. 00| | Front brake caliper| M5930| Nissin| 105. 20| 1| 105. 20| | Rear brake caliper| M7942| Nissin| 106. 78| 1| 106. 78| | Front brake disc| M3920| Russell| 143. 80| 1| 143. 80| | Rear brake disc| M0588|Russell| 56. 42| 1| 56. 42| | Brake pipe| M0943| Harrison Billet| 28. 52| 1| 28. 52| | Brake lever cover| M1059| Brembo| 2. 62| 1| 2. 62| | | | | Total cost| | 657. 36| | | | | | | | | * Integrated Help Desk and Call Center. 6. COMPONENT PRICE CHANGES The table above shows the cost when it is not affected by any impacts. However when the front brake caliper increased from $103 to $107,the extended cost would increase, too and if the brake pipe increases from $27 to $30 the extended cost increases. The brake system represent 30 percent of the total materials cost for one complete Moto 300 motorcycle.Therefore, not only does the cost of the brake system increase, but the whole motorcycle price. | | | Brake Pipe| | | Total Cost| 657. 36| 27| 28. 00| 29| 30. 00| | 103| 653. 64| 654. 64| 655. 64| 656. 64| | 104| 654. 64| 655. 64| 656. 64| 657. 64| Front Brake caliper| 105. 00| 655. 64| 656. 64| 657. 64| 658. 64| | 106| 656. 64| 657. 64| 658. 64| 659. 64| | 107| 657. 64| 658. 64| 659. 64| 660. 64| The table shows the total cost increase when the price of the brake pipe and front brake caliper increase. Finally when the front brake caliper and brake pipe increase up to $ 107 and $30 the total cost increases to $660. 64. REFERENCES: